Target Audience
- Researchers and professionals familiar with the fundamentals of nanopore sequencing and long-read genomics who want to understand recent technological developments.
- Scientists and engineers working in genomic technologies who are interested in the competitive landscape and technological differentiation among sequencing platform providers.
- Readers interested in China's genomics industry, the future of next-generation sequencing, and the business strategies shaping this market.
Executive Summary
- Qitan Technology (齐碳科技) is one of the leading companies developing domestically produced nanopore sequencing technology in China. During 2025–2026, the company made significant progress toward becoming a commercial sequencing platform provider, introducing high-throughput instruments and demonstrating operational performance at customer facilities.
- In 2025, Qitan introduced its O2 chemistry, claiming single-read accuracy at the Q20 level. In 2026, it announced the QPinnacle8, a high-throughput system with a specified capacity of 3.2 Tb.
- Independent studies have demonstrated the practical utility of earlier QNome systems for DNA barcoding and methylation detection. However, comprehensive independent comparisons of Qitan's latest platforms against Oxford Nanopore Technologies (ONT) remain limited.
- Future growth will likely depend on domestic instrument adoption, recurring consumables revenue, high-value long-read applications, and expansion into large-scale sequencing service markets.
- Looking toward 2027–2030, Qitan's competitiveness will depend not only on sequencing accuracy but also on usable data yield, reproducibility, cost efficiency, software maturity, and international market access.
1. Overall Assessment: An Emerging Chinese Competitor to Oxford Nanopore
Qitan Technology (齐碳科技) is one of the companies leading China's efforts to develop domestic nanopore sequencing technology. Between 2025 and 2026, it has increasingly transitioned from a research-and-development-focused company into a commercial sequencing platform provider.
The most important development is not simply that Qitan has launched a Chinese-made nanopore sequencer.
Rather, it is the combination of several developments: the introduction of high-throughput sequencing systems and a new nanopore chemistry in 2025, followed by commercial deployment, operational performance reports, and independent scientific evaluations in 2026.
Three characteristics are particularly important when assessing the company.
- Technology: Qitan has developed capabilities across nanopore proteins, DNA translocation control proteins, membrane materials, electrical signal detection, and basecalling, integrating multiple components of the sequencing workflow.
- Business: The company has expanded its product portfolio from portable instruments to high-throughput systems while building a platform business encompassing consumables and software.
- Strategy: Against the backdrop of China's efforts to strengthen its domestic sequencing technology capabilities, Qitan is expanding its presence in the Chinese market while pursuing applications in long-read genomics, epigenomics, and transcriptomics.
However, there is still insufficient evidence to conclude that Qitan has reached technological and commercial parity with Oxford Nanopore Technologies (ONT).
In particular, independent comparisons of the latest platforms, clinical-grade reproducibility, and the development of an international user base require further evaluation.
2. Company Profile and Product Development
2.1 Overview of Qitan Technology
Qitan Technology (齐碳科技) was founded in 2016 and is a nanopore sequencing company headquartered in Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China.
It also maintains research and development operations in Beijing, Nanjing, and Guangzhou.
Its product portfolio includes sequencing instruments, nanopore chips, library preparation reagents, sequencing reagents, and bioinformatics software. [1][2]
This integrated development approach, covering instruments, consumables, and software, is one of the company's defining characteristics.
2.2 Product Development Timeline
Since 2021, Qitan has expanded its product portfolio from low-throughput instruments to high-throughput sequencing systems.
| Year | Major Products and Developments | Technological and Commercial Significance |
|---|---|---|
| 2021 | QNome-3841 | A commercially available domestically developed Chinese nanopore sequencer, targeting small-scale research, targeted sequencing, and portable applications. |
| 2023 | QPursue | Introduction of QPursue-6k, QPursue-6khex, and QCell-6k, enabling larger-scale long-read sequencing applications. |
| 2025 | QPinnacle2 and O2 chemistry | Announced in September 2025, with claimed Q20-level single-read accuracy. This expanded the portfolio to cover low-, medium-, and high-throughput sequencing. |
| 2026 | Commercial deployment and QPinnacle8 | Adoption and production shipments of QPinnacle2 progressed. In September, the company disclosed plans for QPinnacle8, an eight-channel high-throughput sequencing platform. |
Product announcements from 2025 and September 29, 2026, indicate that Qitan has been advancing technology commercialization and expanding its product ecosystem in parallel. [3][4]
2.3 Current Business Scale
As of September 2026, Qitan reported the following achievements.
| Metric | Company-Reported Figure |
|---|---|
| Customers and users | More than 600 |
| Related scientific publications | More than 70 |
| Product coverage | Low-, medium-, and high-throughput sequencing |
These figures are based on company disclosures rather than audited financial statements or independent market research. [4][5]
Nevertheless, they suggest that Qitan has progressed beyond the prototype commercialization stage.
3. Recent Technological Developments: O2 Chemistry and QPinnacle8
3.1 O2 Chemistry: Redesigning the Physical and Biochemical Components of Nanopore Sequencing
In September 2025, Qitan announced a new-generation sequencing chemistry called "O2." [6]
The important point is that O2 was presented not merely as an update to the basecalling software but as a redesign of several fundamental components of the nanopore sequencing system.
According to the company, the improvements include:
- Nanopore protein engineering: Changes in nanopore protein design to improve the separation of ionic current signals associated with different nucleotide sequences.
- DNA translocation control: Improvements in the proteins controlling DNA movement through the nanopore, increasing translocation stability and resistance to pore blockage.
- Membrane engineering: Introduction of new polymer membrane materials, reportedly reducing measurement noise by approximately 20% and improving the formation rate of high-quality membranes to more than 90%.
- Integrated workflow optimization: Simultaneous improvements to library adapters, reagents, and basecalling algorithms.
Qitan reported single-read accuracy exceeding 99% (approximately Q20) and consensus accuracy at the Q50 level with coverage of at least 20×. [6]
These are manufacturer-reported results and may depend on sample type, read filtering, and basecalling conditions.
From a genomics perspective, the critical question is not simply whether Q20 has been achieved, but how much the indel error rate, particularly homopolymer-associated errors, has improved.
Even at 99% nucleotide accuracy, systematic biases can remain if errors are neither independent nor uniformly distributed.
Such biases can influence de novo assembly, open reading frame prediction, small indel detection, and haplotype phasing.
Furthermore, Q50 consensus accuracy and Q20 single-read accuracy represent different performance metrics.
Increasing sequencing depth can reduce independent random errors, but systematic errors cannot necessarily be eliminated through deeper coverage alone.
Therefore, evaluating the technological significance of O2 requires a detailed understanding of its error spectrum and distribution, rather than relying only on headline accuracy figures.
3.2 QPinnacle8: Moving into the 3.2 Tb Throughput Class in October 2026
In October 2026, Qitan formally announced the QPinnacle8, a high-throughput sequencing platform capable of operating eight sequencing chips independently and in parallel.
The system was also exhibited at the China International Medical Equipment Fair (CMEF), held October 21–24, 2026. [7]
Its main characteristics are summarized below.
| Feature | Specification |
|---|---|
| Instrument | QPinnacle8 |
| Chip configuration | Eight independently operated chips |
| Specified throughput | 3.2 Tb |
| Sequencing chemistry | O2 chemistry |
| Additional features | Compatibility with earlier chips, accelerated basecalling, and improved computational power efficiency |
The 3.2 Tb figure represents the manufacturer's specified system throughput, not a guaranteed yield for every sample or sequencing run.
The ability to operate eight chips independently has implications beyond simply increasing total output.
It allows different samples, experimental protocols, and sequencing durations to be managed flexibly within a single instrument.
However, Qitan's specified 3.2 Tb throughput cannot be directly compared with measured output from ONT's PromethION systems.
A meaningful comparison would need to account for sequencing duration, input DNA length and quality, the number of active pores, Q-score thresholds, and the definition of usable yield.
3.3 Commercial Operation: A Reported Yield of 349.67 Gb per Chip
In February 2026, the Chinese sequencing service provider 希望组 reported deploying six QPinnacle2 systems.
Using QCell-16k V3.0 chips and QDS V3.0 reagents, the company reported a yield of 349.67 Gb from a single chip during a full-length transcriptome sequencing workflow. [8]
This is significant because the result was generated through operational use involving an external sequencing service provider, rather than solely through an internal manufacturer demonstration.
However, the 349.67 Gb figure represents a peak result obtained under a specific transcriptomics workflow.
It should not be interpreted as the routine average yield for human genomic DNA sequencing or as a guaranteed high-quality read yield.
A more comprehensive performance assessment would require data on median read length and read N50, per-read accuracy, mapped yield, variability between flow cells, and the frequency of failed or repeated runs.
4. Independent Scientific Evaluations: What Has Actually Been Demonstrated?
Beyond company announcements, 2026 has been an important year for the scientific evaluation of Qitan's technology.
Independent comparisons and research studies using Qitan platforms have begun to provide evidence about their practical capabilities and limitations.
4.1 Independent Comparison of QNome and Oxford Nanopore
In April 2026, Thompson and colleagues released a bioRxiv preprint titled "Performance Test of the QNome Nanopore Sequencer." [9]
The study compared QNome-3841/QCell-384 with an ONT system using DNA barcode amplicon pools containing approximately 95 to 9,120 specimens, among other experimental conditions.
The main findings were as follows.
| Evaluation Metric | Main Finding |
|---|---|
| DNA barcode recovery | Qitan recovered approximately 98% as many specimens as ONT. |
| Raw-read fidelity | Qitan performed slightly below the ONT platform used in the comparison. |
| Homopolymer performance | Estimating the lengths of G/C homopolymers was a particular weakness. |
| Consensus barcode recovery | Appropriate bioinformatics processing reduced the difference between the platforms. |
| Flow-cell reuse | The study demonstrated washing and reusing a flow cell across eight amplicon-pool sequencing runs. |
| Rapid library preparation | A workflow of approximately 15 minutes was possible, although with trade-offs in quality. |
These results are noteworthy.
For applications such as DNA barcoding, where relatively short regions are sequenced at scale and consensus sequences are constructed, Qitan appears capable of delivering practical performance.
However, the study evaluated an earlier-generation, low-throughput QNome platform and was published as a preprint.
It does not establish that the O2 chemistry introduced in 2025, or the QPinnacle2 and QPinnacle8 platforms, perform equivalently to the latest ONT technologies.
4.2 Academic Research on Basecalling and DNA Methylation Detection
In 2026, a study describing "Bream," an open-source framework for basecalling and DNA methylation detection, was published in Frontiers in Genetics.
Researchers affiliated with Qitan participated in this work. [10]
Using signals acquired with QCell-384, the study evaluated datasets including plants and Drosophila and reported the following results.
| Evaluation Metric | Reported Result |
|---|---|
| Basecalling accuracy | 89.38–91.83% |
| Methylation classification in Drosophila | ROC-AUC of 0.98 |
| Genome-wide CpG methylation frequency correlation with bisulfite sequencing | Pearson r ≥ 0.96 |
The significance of this study is that it demonstrates the possibility of extracting information about DNA modifications, in addition to nucleotide sequences, from Qitan's ionic current signals.
However, the basecalling accuracy reported in this publication was obtained using specific datasets and models from an earlier-generation platform.
It should not be directly compared with Qitan's claimed Q20 accuracy for O2 chemistry.
Similarly, a high correlation in methylation frequencies does not necessarily guarantee high accuracy at individual CpG sites.
The current scientific assessment is therefore that the fundamental feasibility of Qitan's nanopore technology has been established and independent validation has begun for specific applications, but comprehensive third-party evaluation of its latest systems remains necessary.
5. Competitive Landscape: Oxford Nanopore, PacBio, and Illumina
Understanding Qitan's competitive position requires looking beyond ONT alone.
The broader sequencing market includes several technologies with different strengths and application domains.
| Feature | Qitan | Oxford Nanopore | PacBio HiFi | Illumina |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sequencing principle | Nanopore ionic current detection | Nanopore ionic current detection | SMRT / circular consensus sequencing | Sequencing by synthesis |
| Main read characteristics | Long reads | Long to ultra-long reads | High-accuracy long reads | High-accuracy short reads |
| Direct DNA modification analysis | Research demonstrations available | Mature analysis ecosystem | Analysis based on polymerase kinetic signals | Typically requires additional chemical treatments or other approaches |
| Real-time analysis | Supported | Supported | Primarily post-sequencing analysis | Primarily post-sequencing analysis |
| Main strengths | Domestic Chinese technology, potential price competitiveness, expanding portfolio | Established track record, analysis tools, international ecosystem | High long-read accuracy | Cost efficiency, standardization, extensive installed base |
| Areas of competition with Qitan | — | Nearly all nanopore applications | Genome assembly, structural variation, isoform analysis | Large-scale genome sequencing and clinical testing |
This table is a qualitative overview of the competitive landscape as of 2026, not the result of a direct experimental comparison using identical samples.
Qitan's most significant competitive advantage at present is not necessarily the highest sequencing accuracy or longest reads, but rather its alignment with the Chinese market and its domestic nanopore technology supply chain.
ONT has accumulated an extensive ecosystem of scientific publications, basecalling models, modified-base calling tools, adaptive sampling capabilities, and bioinformatics pipelines.
These advantages can be more important than differences in hardware specifications alone.
For Chinese hospitals, genome centers, universities, and public institutions, however, procurement reliability, local technical support, domestic data governance, pricing, and reagent supply stability can be particularly important.
Under these conditions, Qitan may be able to gain market share even before achieving complete technological parity with established international platforms.
6. Interpreting Qitan's Growth Strategy
The following analysis is based on publicly announced products, partnerships, and research activities.
It should be understood as a strategic interpretation rather than a reproduction of the company's officially disclosed medium-term business plan.
6.1 Strategy 1: Establishing a Standard Domestic Nanopore Platform in China
This appears to be one of Qitan's most clearly defined commercial directions.
China has a large number of sequencing service providers, academic research institutions, medical facilities, and research organizations in agriculture and environmental sciences.
Providing these organizations with a domestically developed nanopore sequencing platform has clear strategic value.
Qitan appears to be pursuing an integrated business model combining instruments, sequencing chips, reagents, software, and analysis services.
The consumables business is particularly important.
Even if the installed base of sequencing instruments grows, revenue will remain limited if chip utilization is low.
Conversely, if sequencing service providers purchase chips on a recurring basis, Qitan could establish a more stable recurring revenue model.
The deployment of multiple QPinnacle2 systems by 希望组 can be viewed as an early example of this potential business structure. [8]
6.2 Strategy 2: Focusing on High-Value Long-Read Applications
For Qitan, emphasizing applications that uniquely benefit from long-read sequencing is likely more rational than directly competing in the conventional short-read whole-genome sequencing market.
Four application areas appear particularly important.
Telomere-to-Telomere Genome Assembly and Structural Variation
Potential applications include segmental duplications, centromeric regions, complex structural variants, and haplotype-resolved genome assembly.
High long-read yield is valuable in these applications, but careful evaluation of repeat resolution and assembly quality values remains essential.
Full-Length Transcriptomics and Isoform Discovery
Applications include alternative splicing, fusion transcript detection, poly(A)-related analysis, and isoform-level expression profiling.
Qitan has already reported high-throughput operational performance in full-length transcriptomics, making this a relatively promising application area.
Native DNA Methylation and Epigenomics
The ability to extract DNA modification information directly from native DNA, without PCR amplification, is a distinctive advantage of nanopore sequencing.
Important next steps include evaluating modifications beyond 5mC, single-molecule methylation phasing, and quantitative performance in heterogeneous tissue samples.
Pathogen Detection, Antimicrobial Resistance, and Metagenomics
Potential applications include real-time sequencing analysis, linking antimicrobial resistance genes to plasmids, and outbreak surveillance.
Rapid analysis is valuable in these settings.
However, the sensitivity required to detect low-abundance pathogens and the control of false-positive results require further validation.
Among these applications, full-length transcriptomics, plant and animal genomics, and microbial genome analysis appear relatively accessible for near- to medium-term commercialization.
Clinical diagnostics represents a major potential opportunity, but commercialization is substantially more challenging.
Beyond instrument performance, clinical applications require standardized sample preparation, analytical validation, medical device registration where applicable, and evidence of clinical validity.
6.3 Strategy 3: Capturing the High-Throughput Sequencing Service Market
The introduction of QPinnacle8 could alter Qitan's business model.
The main advantages of small nanopore instruments are low barriers to adoption, rapid analysis, and portability.
In contrast, for high-throughput instruments, the most important factors are cost per unit of usable data and system utilization.
Qitan is therefore pursuing two different economic models using the same underlying nanopore technology.
| Feature | Small, Distributed Systems | Large, Centralized Systems |
|---|---|---|
| Products | QNome, QPursue | QPinnacle2, QPinnacle8 |
| Main customers and applications | Research laboratories, field applications, rapid testing, on-demand sequencing | Genome centers, sequencing service providers, large cohort studies |
| Core value proposition | Speed, flexibility, accessibility | Throughput, cost efficiency, automation |
If Qitan succeeds in attracting large sequencing centers, recurring demand for chips and reagents could become an important source of revenue.
However, high-throughput platforms also impose much more demanding requirements on manufacturing quality, computational infrastructure, maintenance capabilities, and reproducibility between consumable batches.
6.4 Strategy 4: Expanding Beyond DNA and RNA Detection
At an academic event in September 2026, Qitan discussed early research results and future directions involving nanopore-based detection of peptides and polysaccharides. [4]
This is a particularly interesting long-term research direction.
In principle, nanopore sensors can detect molecules other than nucleic acids.
However, reading peptide sequences at the amino acid level presents challenges that can be even more difficult than those associated with nucleic acid sequencing.
These include molecular translocation control, discrimination between amino acid residues, detection of molecular modifications, and signal deconvolution.
Therefore, it would be premature to assume that protein sequencing will become a major source of revenue for Qitan in the near future.
Nevertheless, these research activities suggest that Qitan may seek to extend its competitive position beyond DNA sequencing toward a broader nanopore-based molecular analysis platform.
7. Outlook for 2027–2030
The following scenarios are based on publicly available information.
They are not financial forecasts or official corporate targets.
7.1 Potential Growth Scenarios
| Period | Potential Development | Conditions for Success |
|---|---|---|
| Around 2027 | Broader adoption of QPinnacle8 | Demonstration of usable yield, instrument utilization, and run-to-run reproducibility |
| 2027–2028 | Greater penetration of domestic sequencing service providers | Competitive total sequencing and analysis costs |
| From 2028 onward | Clinical applications and multi-center standardization | Analytical validity, quality management, and necessary regulatory approvals |
| 2028–2030 | International expansion and applications involving new molecular targets | Independent international validation, sales and service networks, intellectual property compliance |
7.2 Five Major Uncertainties Affecting Future Growth
First: The Actual Accuracy of O2 and Subsequent Chemistries
Achieving Q20 is important, but quantitative assessments of homopolymer indels, GC bias, complex repeats, and modified-base calling remain essential.
Second: Consumables Economics
Flow-cell manufacturing yield, storage stability, active pore counts, and reusability determine the underlying cost structure.
Even if instrument prices are attractive, the platform may struggle to compete for large customers if the cost per usable Gb remains high.
Third: Bioinformatics Ecosystem Maturity
When applying existing ONT-oriented analysis tools to Qitan data, compatibility at the FASTQ or BAM level alone is not sufficient.
Models and pipelines must also be optimized for raw signals, modification tags, and platform-specific error profiles.
Fourth: Competition Within China
Although Qitan is an important early participant in China's nanopore sequencing industry, other domestic companies are also developing nanopore technologies.
There is no guarantee that the market will consolidate around a single provider.
Fifth: International Expansion
Expanding internationally requires more than technological performance.
Intellectual property, import and export regulations, certification requirements in different jurisdictions, and application support will all become important.
The 2026 independent evaluation also noted that Qitan instruments were not generally available for sale outside China at the time of the study. [9]
7.3 Financial Considerations
Qitan has completed multiple financing rounds.
Zhongguancun Development Group has described providing continued investment support between 2019 and 2025.
Investors associated with the company include Meituan, Hillhouse, CDH Investments, and Gaorong Capital. [2][8]
However, the publicly available information reviewed for this article does not provide sufficient evidence to independently verify the company's audited revenue for 2025–2026, profit margins, cash burn, instrument sales volumes, or recurring reagent revenue.
Consequently, the company's technological progress and its financial sustainability should be evaluated separately.
8. What Should Experts Evaluate Before Adopting Qitan?
For researchers, sequencing centers, or organizations considering Qitan for instrument adoption, collaboration, or company evaluation, several technical due diligence criteria deserve particular attention.
8.1 Technical Due Diligence Checklist
| Evaluation Area | Key Questions and Metrics |
|---|---|
| Raw-read accuracy and error profiles | O2 Phred score calibration, substitution and indel errors, homopolymer-length-dependent errors, GC dependence |
| Genome assembly | Comparison using the same HMW DNA with ONT and PacBio, read N50, assembly QV, BUSCO, repeat resolution, haplotype phasing |
| Modified-base detection | Site-level sensitivity and specificity for 5mC/5hmC, agreement with bisulfite sequencing or EM-seq, performance in low-methylation regions |
| Full-length RNA sequencing | Isoform recall and precision, splice junction accuracy, fusion transcript detection, reproducibility for low-abundance transcripts |
| Effective throughput and economics | Gb per chip after Q-score filtering, usable yield, flow-cell failure rate, total costs including reagents, computation, and maintenance |
| Reproducibility and platform compatibility | Chip-to-chip, batch-to-batch, and site-to-site variability, raw signal accessibility, impact of basecaller updates |
8.2 Why Comparisons Between Current-Generation Platforms Matter
The most important experiment would be a direct comparison of Qitan O2, current-generation ONT chemistry, and PacBio HiFi using identical DNA samples and clearly defined analytical objectives.
For human genomics, a well-characterized reference sample such as HG002 could be used to assess SNVs and indels, structural variants, haplotype phasing, and genome assembly separately.
Furthermore, cost comparisons should not rely on manufacturer-advertised gigabase output.
Instead, they should use the volume of data that is genuinely usable for the intended scientific application as the denominator.
This would provide a much more meaningful assessment of platform economics.
9. Final Assessment
Three conclusions emerge from the available evidence.
9.1 Commercialization and Product Development Capabilities Are Becoming Established
Qitan has developed a portfolio spanning low-, medium-, and high-throughput sequencing.
Its technology has been deployed at external customer facilities, featured in scientific publications, and subjected to independent evaluation.
The company can therefore no longer be characterized simply as an early-stage nanopore research venture.
9.2 Significant Growth Opportunities Exist in the Chinese Market
Domestic technology supply, local technical support, partnerships with sequencing service providers, and substantial demand for genomic research create opportunities for Qitan to expand its position in the long-read sequencing market.
9.3 Its Potential to Become a Global Alternative to ONT Remains Uncertain
The key factors will be independent comparisons of O2 and QPinnacle-generation platforms, software ecosystem maturity, consumables economics, and demonstrated performance in international markets.
One of the most important developments is not simply the introduction of O2 chemistry in 2025.
Rather, it is the progress in operating high-throughput platforms in real commercial environments during 2026, followed by the introduction of QPinnacle8.
This suggests that Qitan is seeking to compete not only through the technical differentiation of small nanopore instruments, but also by entering high-volume sequencing workflows at genome centers.
The most meaningful indicators of its future performance will not be advertised peak throughput figures.
Instead, they will be annual usable base production at independent customer facilities, instrument utilization, reproducibility of data quality, and total sequencing and analysis costs.
In conclusion, Qitan is a company worth monitoring closely as the nanopore sequencing industry develops.
Its significance extends beyond the competitive pressure it may place on ONT within China.
Qitan also represents the possibility that the long-read sequencing industry could evolve from a market dominated by a limited number of established providers into one where multiple independently developed technology platforms compete.
References
[1] Qitan Technology. Company and Product Information. Official Website. https://www.qitantech.com/
[2] Zhongguancun Development Group. Public Information on Investment Support and Company Development of Qitan Technology. 2026. https://www.zgcgroup.com.cn/xwzx/jtyw/art/2026/art_45083dafeac4483a9e23d681833f0e40.html
[3] Qitan Technology. Product Announcement for QPinnacle2 and O2 Chemistry. September 2025. https://www.qitantech.com/
[4] Qitan Technology. Technology and Business Update, September 2026. Instrument Information Network (仪器信息网). 2026. https://m.instrument.com.cn/suppliers/SH115090/news-d987230.html
[5] Qitan Technology. Public Information on Products, Customers, and Research Achievements. 2026. https://www.qitantech.com/
[6] Qitan Technology. Technical Improvements and Performance Claims for O2 Chemistry. 2025. https://www.qitantech.com/
[7] Qitan Technology. QPinnacle8 Exhibition in October 2026 and 3.2 Tb Specifications. Instrument Information Network (仪器信息网). 2026. https://www.instrument.com.cn/netshow/SH115090/news_1005070.htm
[8] Zhongguancun Development Group. Commercial Deployment and Joint Operational Achievements of Qitan Technology and 希望组. February 2026. https://www.zgcgroup.com.cn/xwzx/jtyw/art/2026/art_45083dafeac4483a9e23d681833f0e40.html
[9] Thompson et al. "Performance Test of the QNome Nanopore Sequencer." bioRxiv. 2026. Preprint. https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.64898/2026.04.29.721586v1
[10] "Bream: Base Calling and DNA Methylation Detection on Novel Nanopore Platforms." Frontiers in Genetics. 2026. https://doi.org/10.3389/fgene.2026.1743148